Exploring Asia Pacific's recycling revolution

A major challenge in establishing a circular economy in Asia Pacific is the significant variation in waste recovery and recycling rates throughout the region. Credit: Chay_Tee via Shutterstock

Asia Pacific's diverse economic landscape significantly influences its approach to plastic packaging, particularly in transitioning to a circular economy.  

Rati Bhattacharya, ERM Partner and Regional Service Leader APAC for Sustainable Operations, highlights that this region uniquely combines advanced and developing economies, leading to varied recycling practices and circular economy targets.

ERM (Environmental Resources Management) is a global consultancy specialising exclusively in sustainability issues.

"Regulatory changes such as Extended Producer Responsibility and differentiated bans on plastic import-export are fostering a rising demand for plastic recycling," Bhattacharya explains.

Countries like India, Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Singapore are seeing significant developments. Companies in these nations are adapting their strategies based on differentiated country-level approaches to plastic supply-demand.

Bhattacharya notes, "We assist our clients in assessing the value chain for recycled plastics, helping them close the gap on ESG risks and meet their recycling targets."

Innovation and technology play crucial roles in enhancing recycling rates across Asia. "Countries like China and India are spearheading the adoption of innovative technologies in waste management," says Bhattacharya.  

These nations are not only investing in advanced recycling technologies but are also at the forefront of creating sustainable packaging solutions, a stark contrast to regions with slower technology adoption and a focus on traditional methods. 

Bhattacharya believes that the increasing investments in emerging chemical recycling technologies will be critical for the circular economy's adoption in Asia.  

"This proactive stance on innovation is essential for transforming recycling processes and developing new, sustainable materials for the packaging industry." 

The transition towards a recycling-oriented culture in the Asia Pacific is driven by both structured and unstructured interventions. "Public awareness and cultural attitudes towards plastic waste vary significantly across the region," Bhattacharya points out.  

While some parts of Asia Pacific still struggle with increasing consumerism and plastic usage, others, like Northern Europe, benefit from robust regulatory and cultural support systems for sustainability. 

Innovative educational programs and community initiatives are playing pivotal roles in this cultural shift.  

Bhattacharya highlights, "Formal education and informal platforms promote recycling and waste reduction, influencing both consumer behaviour and corporate policies." 

The diverse economic conditions across Asia Pacific countries necessitate tailored strategies for implementing circular economy practices in plastic packaging.  

Bhattacharya provides a comparative analysis, "In India, the EPR framework is mature, driving significant advancements in recycling. Conversely, in Vietnam, upcoming regulations are reshaping the recycling landscape, balancing new technologies with traditional methods." 

This strategic differentiation is crucial as countries at different stages of economic development and regulatory maturity adopt bespoke approaches to tackle plastic waste management. 

Bhattacharya cites several examples of successful circular economy initiatives within the region. "Japan has been a long-time leader, with its comprehensive Plastic Recycling Law and advancements in chemical recycling technologies," she says.  

Meanwhile, India's robust EPR framework has enabled large corporations like Coca-Cola India and Hindustan Unilever to develop effective recycling programs and partnerships. 

ERM itself has contributed significantly, partnering with clients to integrate circular economy principles into their operations. "From waste-to-energy projects to e-waste management in data centers, we have provided strategic guidance and implemented practical solutions that align with sustainable practices,"  

Bhattacharya concludes, showcasing ERM’s commitment to fostering environmental stewardship and sustainable development across Asia Pacific. 

Through these efforts, the Asia Pacific region is not only addressing its plastic waste challenges but is also setting a global standard for sustainable practices in the packaging industry.